卢斯2019

《卢斯》非常棒！还是那句话，种族题材怎么拍怎么有。此片更是有大突破，由黑人导演执拍种族题材，天然赋予了该片表达政治不正确的资格，这正是审美疲劳的人们所期待的。

影片围绕着被一对白人夫妇领养的黑人高中生卢斯与其黑人女老师之间旷日持久的矛盾徐徐展开，采用诸多高级的心理悬疑手法，抽丝剥茧地探寻一个黑人孩子的成长过程与内心世界。

这个黑人孩子并不一般，儿时受过心灵创伤，临近高中毕业，成为全校的骄傲，以及其师口中“被微光照见的黑盒子里的幸运儿”，他几乎就是像奥巴马那样具有政客潜质的天才。

而这种潜质不可免俗地夹带了伪善本质与表演本能。应当说在美国这样的国度，那些有成就的演员只要他有政治野心，且是个现实主义者，那么成功走上政坛的概率就非常大。

看到最后，片中的是非题其实已经不重要了，导演通过复盘后的清零，成功将这个隐喻推向了一个新高度。普罗大众所要面对的不是该不该原谅不完美，而是应以怎样的姿态来拥抱它。在现实中，几乎所有人都会做出相同的选择：宁愿给一个心理阴暗的天才十次重新来过的机会，也不肯原谅笨小孩一次过失。因为同样是不完美，前者距离成功更近些。

那么，卢斯的秘密究竟是什么呢？答案是，一个美国黑人的成功秘诀，其中包含了，如何说谎，如何排除异己，如何被更多同族裔接纳，如何获得白人同情，如何将肤色劣势转化为优势进而引导利用舆论，如何抢占道德高地，如何操控爱慕者，如何在得势后见好就收……

最值得一提的是本片的配乐，那是来自非洲大陆的原生态音乐，时常与画面格格不入，若不稍微深想一步，甚至会将配乐视为败笔。但这也许是我觉得最妙的处理，正因它时时浮现，不分场合地闯入，才强烈提醒着我，主人公的种族特性有多么根深蒂固，即使长达十年自由国度优渥的新生活也难以抹去。

这个标题可能有点离影评稍远，后续会有一些对于本片的想法，但我还是很想以本片先来聊聊前几天在推荐新闻里看到的趣事，具体哪个节目其实我也不太清楚，只是一个关于好几个导演怼郭敬明的段落，有人说他的片子只是各种帅哥美女的互飚台词，永远是一张帅脸特写和说不完的情话，期间赵薇导演问了一个问题，“电影到底是导演艺术还是表演艺术？”

说实话这个问题让我忽然理解了自己对于很多国产电影不屑一顾的原因，不是我崇洋媚外只是被太多走流量圈钱的电影看伤了心。最近一直想更深刻的去理解什么是导演艺术，巧合的是在这个时刻看了本片，刚看完全篇的时候我也有些一头雾水，立马跑来豆瓣看看大家的评论，略微沉淀过后才体会了本片的美味之处，现在也来写出一些个人的拙见与大家分享。

首先，虽然是剧情片，但它真的拍出了悬疑片的紧张感，在观影时不停的在想是不是下一幕就会出现什么脑洞奇大的超级翻转，影片中虽然并没有明确的翻转，但导演在很多关键节点都选择了留出缺口。一开始觉得导演这样做是不是有点太省事了，很多地方需要我们去自行脑补。但现在我觉得这些缺口串联起来才真正的表达了导演的意图。全局来看有很多明显的缺口，是谁去女老师家写的红字？烟花是谁放在讲桌里的？男主为什么说要补偿被校队开除的同学？男主的女朋友到底经历了什么？还是说她说的所有版本都是谎言？等等......

一开始我觉得这些缺口都是男主做局的一部分，看电影的时候也十分合情合理的就能把它们与男主联系起来，比如红字是让被校队开除的同学去写的，而他自己与家人一起做好了不在场证明，比如烟花是男主找到后放入讲桌并设置了延时引爆，之前夜跑回去学校就停留在了女老师的教室前。比如男主监视了女老师然后伺机认识了女老师的妹妹,并一步步使她再次精神崩溃。还有很多类似的缺口留白。

但试想一下如果我们观看电影后把这些留白，脑补成剧情翻转，你会发现真的有无数种可能！！

版本一 正常理解，男主经历儿时创伤有黑暗的一面，并且苦于营造完美形象有些精神扭曲，献祭了自己的女友，还QJ了她，事后一脸无耻的引导安慰并化身天使。女老师发现了男主的不正常，后被男主计谋做局丢掉饭碗。报复成功，所有人的各种功利心，保护欲，角色立场，冷漠，只关心假象而不在乎事实。都是帮助男主成功报复的一个个环节。而男主高智商的利用了所有人。

版本二 男主就是个完美好男儿！？？因为出身的原因，所有人表面对他推崇备至，其实内心当中都有一份隐藏的不安，包括他的美国妈妈，也在一次次的徘徊犹豫。为什么犹豫呢？试想一下，导演让男主妈妈处于保护，说了女老师没有给她烟花的谎话。那可不可以是男主的爸爸想着既然如此，干脆找到烟花放入了讲桌？？男主的女朋友表现的很傻缺，但最后爱爱的时候发现了男主的母亲却用那样的眼神，是不是也可以说她有些扭曲？用软弱的外衣把男主抓在手心？ 女老师就是不愿意接受男主可以经历磨难后还能如此完美，故意刁难？也就是说，导演将所有人各种利己的事件通过这样的安排让我们如版本一那样去理解呢？

关于电影里的缺口留白，真的是神来之笔。每个人都可以根据自己的想法，去给那些缺口填上一个角色。整部电影表达的就是另外一个意思了。就像台词里说的 盒子，男主被盒子围住了，被体制，被认知，被社会，被政治，被国家。我想女老师所说的那一束光，就是这些缺口留白。男主被别人强加给他的希望与形象压抑着痛苦着，他到底是好是坏？所有人都没有做错吗？

其实都不重要，电影就是想给观众传达这样的信息，故事并不重要，重要的是我们怎么去看。本片有很多标签，战地领养，肤色阶层，青少年问题，领养家庭，教育体制，人权与抗争，很多很多。每个环节严丝合缝了那就是个盒子，这些留白是导演给我们留下的更多可能。他用电影中的所有演员，台词，情节，音乐，节奏。充分表达和贯彻了他的思想，我想这就是导演艺术。

牛马，家境贫寒，靠着自己的天赋努力和老师的提携走出大山，考上了名校。在准一线城市受教育多年后，回家乡做了公务员。但教育没有改变他狭隘的思维，他是一个矛盾体，有一颗仇富仇官的内心，却又艳羡富贵与官爵。贫苦的出身是他政治正确的优越感，借酒装疯痛斥目之所及的同事是官二代富二代（当然领导除外，这点他比较清醒），其实同事大多是工薪子弟，他对真正的官二代富二代一无所知，他也希望他的后代能够成为其中的一员。他常常指责他人太讲究，自己在饭桌上却拒绝喝山寨怡宝，号称勤俭的他却喜欢在发廊洗头。他喜欢看人下菜，感觉“近则不逊，远则怨”说的就是他，自诩简单仗义，实则胆小怕事，推诿脱责。常常以关爱父母的孝子自居，却又经常指名道姓的调侃着村里的寡妇。他人说按照他的道德牌坊要求，寡母也是母亲不该下流调侃，他却回答母亲不一定都是寡妇，旁人被他的神逻辑回答震惊的无语凝噎，便不再搭话。熟悉的人用装傻卖惨精辟地总结了他，老实善良听话的标签也牢牢地贴在他那张看似无辜忠厚的黑脸上。他岁数也不大，但感觉和同龄人不是一代人。还好，早已改革开放。

Not sure if this is intentional on Onah's part or not, but I see that there's a play on the ambiguity between code-switching and sociopathy, in which the line is blurred depending on whether Luce's intention is to uphold a certain image in front of his family/teachers vs his friends, or to manipulate the situation to pursue some passive-aggressive twisted sense of justice at some particular moments. I'd say that this ambiguity was successfully played out by Kelvin Harrison Jr. which has kept a lot of audience members including me confused but intrigued at the same time.

I think being taken out of a war-torn Eritrea and an ex-child soldier to be in a comfortable American family, Luce knows exactly what freedom means, at least in this large national setting. It is what every American wants to believe in: the freedom to change your narrative, the freedom to be the master of your own destiny, to be EXACTLY who you set out to be. While America may be freer than Eritrea in some senses, this particular narrative is nothing but an illusion. Race, gender, social-economic background, and lots of other elements can affect the course of one's life (i.e. Orlicki and potentially his dog being Dartmouth legacy students while DeShaun's whole future relying on his athletic scholarship.)

Though Luce is appreciative of what Mr. and Mrs. Edgar have provided for him and he has worked hard to show it, he's slowly figuring out through Harriet and other adults that although he is black and he has other black friends and teammates, he is treated differently because of the progress he has made comparing to his undeniable past. Like most Americans, these people love a good glow-up, and Luce is their poster boy, seen as an exceptional person that transcends race and other challenging circumstances, and most importantly, an asset (Notice how Principal Towson has referred him as his thoroughbred, and jokingly, someone he would like to clone... Get Out much Towson?) Although Luce is aware of this unfairness, he's probably ill-prepared by his white parents about the larger injustice a young black man like him might face in the world outside of this academic bubble, something Harriet knows too well. While all the Edgers ever wanted (mostly just Amy) is to protect Luce from his past and to give him the fresh start he deserves, Harriet wants to protect him from his future – a future where it doesn't matter if you are a star athlete or a debate champion, black people have a higher chance to be arrested or worse because of the color of their skin. On top of the personal experience of injustice Harriet might have faced by simply being an adult black woman in America, she has probably witnessed countless of times of cops unjustly mishandling her mentally unstable sister and not treating her with basic decency that any human deserves. So to her, there's no way for someone to break out of this figurative box unless you're exceptional and extraordinary like the way she expects Luce to be – a future Obama-esque figure. There's perhaps this flawed zero-sum logic that she has, and the way she carries out her lessons is unprofessional and potentially breaching the ethic codes at the least. Like Luce, Harriet operates on some sort code of justice informed by her limiting worldview: she wants Stephanie Kim to be the voice that stands up against rape culture regardless of her personal wishes (Still pretty f*cking messed up that Kim just brushed off the Santa Claus game like it's nothing) and makes Deshaun a scapegoat as a warning to other black track athletes.

To Luce, Harriet is just an instrument of the system she's trying to protect her students from, making her an unfortunate target of Luce's resentment and his borderline sociopathic and passive-aggressive path of retaliation. Having adoptive and liberal parents who constantly worry about losing his trust if they overstep, Luce probably gets away with a lot of things growing up and has learned how to deal with social situations (locker room talk, toxic masculinity, or treating girls with respect) with little parental guidance (Peter automatically equates the word stern with bitchy when it's used to describe women). He is smart enough to know how to lie and uphold the good boy image in front of the adults and remain a cool sociable dude who's down to smoke a blunt in some hidden cabin, but he is still trying to figure out who he is other than his past when everyone else sees him as the prime example of nurture trumping nature. In his mind, he's trying to make things right for Deshaun and Stephanie, but the ways he manipulates them into doing the dirty work reflects the limitation of his empathy and just how ill-constructed this 17YO's sense of justice is.

Amy和Peter十年前领养了来自非洲战乱国家厄利垂亚的卢斯。现在，儿时曾被训练做童兵的卢斯，经过努力不懈的奋斗，已经成为了备受爱戴的优异生，他的非裔老师Harriet更对他寄予厚望，相信他能够成为黑人学生的典范。但当卢斯以一位提倡暴力抗争的革命家为题写作论文时，文中的暴力思想令Harriet非常担心，并偷偷搜查他的储物柜，发现了惊人的真相，她最大的恐惧似乎成真⋯⋯

#生活碎片/电影/Luce

Luce means light! 生活在盒子里的人，永远只有一部分人可以得到光。

去掉所有的标签，Luce是一个因为朋友被不公平对待，而放肆的高中生，做了一些冲动的、甚至是过分的报复，心思之深沉让人害怕。加上标签，他是学校需要的标杆，是需要完美的存在，这里想到《性教育》里的Jackson，明明有不喜欢做的事情，但是因为好学生的标签，却不能轻易说“不”。

在加上肤色的标签，故事的政治意味又被加深了一层，黑人老师在历史课上，时刻不忘记肤色的区分，黑人同学就必须苦大仇深的铭记黑人独立的历史，Luce也不是一个人，而是被选择好的符号，一个讲述美国梦、美国是如何peace&love&多元的工具。没有人关心Luce作为一个人的感受，会有性的需求，会有愤怒，会有做个坏学生的欲望。

看到Luce在学校里所有老师、爸妈面前，自由扮演着模范学生的角色，得心应手；看着他在空无一人的礼堂，念着演讲词“来了美国才可以让我自由做自己”，泪流满面；所有人爱的，都不是真实的、那个妈妈念不好名字的小孩。从他成为Luce起，他就是一个产品。为数不多的，他和妈妈对话的时刻，那个本我出来，“我快要窒息了”，这时候多渴望妈妈和Luce有个坦诚的对话，像爸爸说的一样，我们期待的不是一个符号，而是一个家庭。但遗憾的是，妈妈是偏执的妈妈，妈妈深爱Luce，确也不是无条件，你是任何样子我都可以接受的热爱，而是对一个被塑造成为完美产品的热爱。

当Luce把🐟给妈妈，说我们再来一次时，我们看到故事最底色的悲哀。Luce最终还是妥协，本我回归到小小角落，再次和妈妈一起，开启一个造神的故事，扮演一个 完美的符号。